原文地址
http://www.pathname.com/fhs/
1. Introduction
Purpose
Conventions
2. The Filesystem
3. The Root Filesystem
Purpose
Requirements
Specific Options
/bin : Essential user command binaries (for use by all users)
Purpose
Requirements
Specific Options
/boot : Static files of the boot loader
Purpose
Specific Options
/dev : Device files
Purpose
Specific Options
/etc : Host-specific system configuration
Purpose
Requirements
Specific Options
/etc/opt : Configuration files for /opt
/etc/X11 : Configuration for the X Window System (optional)
/etc/sgml : Configuration files for SGML (optional)
/etc/xml : Configuration files for XML (optional)
/home : User home directories (optional)
Purpose
Requirements
/lib : Essential shared libraries and kernel modules
Purpose
Requirements
Specific Options
/lib<qual> : Alternate format essential shared libraries (optional)
Purpose
Requirements
/media : Mount point for removeable media
Purpose
Specific Options
/mnt : Mount point for a temporarily mounted filesystem
Purpose
/opt : Add-on application software packages
Purpose
Requirements
/root : Home directory for the root user (optional)
Purpose
/sbin : System binaries
Purpose
Requirements
Specific Options
/srv : Data for services provided by this system
Purpose
/tmp : Temporary files
Purpose
4. The /usr Hierarchy
Purpose
Requirements
Specific Options
/usr/X11R6 : X Window System, Version 11 Release 6 (optional)
Purpose
Specific Options
/usr/bin : Most user commands
Purpose
Specific Options
/usr/include : Directory for standard include files.
Purpose
Specific Options
/usr/lib : Libraries for programming and packages
Purpose
Specific Options
/usr/lib<qual> : Alternate format libraries (optional)
Purpose
/usr/local : Local hierarchy
/usr/local/share
/usr/sbin : Non-essential standard system binaries
Purpose
/usr/share : Architecture-independent data
Purpose
Requirements
Specific Options
/usr/share/dict : Word lists (optional)
/usr/share/man : Manual pages
/usr/share/misc : Miscellaneous architecture-independent data
/usr/share/sgml : SGML data (optional)
/usr/share/xml : XML data (optional)
/usr/src : Source code (optional)
Purpose
5. The /var Hierarchy
Purpose
Requirements
Specific Options
/var/account : Process accounting logs (optional)
Purpose
/var/cache : Application cache data
Purpose
Specific Options
/var/cache/fonts : Locally-generated fonts (optional)
/var/cache/man : Locally-formatted manual pages (optional)
/var/crash : System crash dumps (optional)
Purpose
/var/games : Variable game data (optional)
Purpose
/var/lib : Variable state information
Purpose
Requirements
Specific Options
/var/lib/<editor> : Editor backup files and state (optional)
/var/lib/hwclock : State directory for hwclock (optional)
/var/lib/misc : Miscellaneous variable data
/var/lock : Lock files
Purpose
/var/log : Log files and directories
Purpose
Specific Options
/var/mail : User mailbox files (optional)
Purpose
/var/opt : Variable data for /opt
Purpose
/var/run : Run-time variable data
Purpose
Requirements
/var/spool : Application spool data
Purpose
Specific Options
/var/spool/lpd : Line-printer daemon print queues (optional)
/var/spool/rwho : Rwhod files (optional)
/var/tmp : Temporary files preserved between system reboots
Purpose
/var/yp : Network Information Service (NIS) database files (optional)
Purpose
6. Operating System Specific Annex
Linux
/ : Root directory
/bin : Essential user command binaries (for use by all users)
/dev : Devices and special files
/etc : Host-specific system configuration
/lib64 and /lib32 : 64/32-bit libraries (architecture dependent)
/proc : Kernel and process information virtual filesystem
/sbin : Essential system binaries
/usr/include : Header files included by C programs
/usr/src : Source code
/var/spool/cron : cron and at jobs
7. Appendix
The FHS mailing list
Background of the FHS
General Guidelines
Scope
Acknowledgments
Contributors
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